The research goal was to study how selective media with zinc at high concentrations influenced the survival rate and fertility of pollen grains in common buckwheat. The research object was the regenerated plants (common buckwheat variety Izumrud) created at the Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Federal Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika and tolerant to CuSO4×5H2O at concentrations of 161 and 184 mg/l. The plants were cultivated on selective media with ZnSO4×7H2O at concentrations of 808–1 313 mg/l and subcultured on MS nutrient media without the toxicant. The isolated in vitro objects were cultivated in test tubes with cotton gauze plugs at 4,000 lx, 22–25 оС, and 16-h photoperiod under culture room condition. The test-tube plants were transferred into pots under controlled conditions in a light room. The fertility of the pollen in the regenerated plants was tested according to the methodology of Z. P. Pausheva using Gram’s iodine solution. The buckwheat genotypes obtained by sequentially using selective media with copper and zinc showed high stress resistance and survivability. The studied plants demonstrated a high rate of regeneration after exposure to high doses of zinc. The percentage of fertile pollen grains ranged from 92.6 to 100.0% among the experimental variants. The fertility of the plants obtained using the copper salt at a concentration of 161 mg/l was 98.6% on the selective media with zinc, which was higher than in the variant with the use of zinc and copper (184 mg/l, 95.0%). The artificial pollination among plants in the experimental variants allowed us to obtain underdeveloped seeds due to illegitimate pollination because the obtained in vivo plants were short-columnar. In general, buckwheat demonstrated high tolerance to heavy metals as evidenced by the high fertility of its pollen grains.

Borovaya Svetlana A., Klykov Alexey G., Boginskaya Natalia G.

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