One of the main factors affecting the efficiency of agricultural enterprises engaged in crop cultivation technology is the availability of personnel. Over the past years, there has been a tendency to reduce the population in a number of regions. In the proposed work, an analysis of the impact of living labor energy costs on the total energy costs associated with the production of agricultural products was carried out. Considering that the main activity of Amur region is agricultural, it is advisable to assess the energy consumption of living labor, taking into account both the main and auxiliary personnel involved in the technology of cultivating agricultural crops. The amount of total energy consumption associated with the production of agricultural products is significantly influenced by means of mechanization and, in particular, machine-and-tractor units, which are used in the technology of its cultivation. In recent years, in the region there has been an increase in sown areas mainly due to previously abandoned in hard-to-reach places and small-contoured peasant farms. Therefore, it is very important to correctly determine the necessary means of mechanization, taking into account the presence of labor, which will ultimately affect the volume of products received and its cost. It was established that the value of productivity of machine-and-tractor
units had a great influence on the value of energy consumption of live labor due to a decrease in the value of skidding. This is especially important for energy means with a wheel formula 4K2 for a better implementation of traction and adhesion properties due to the use of specially installed devices. The conducted studies have shown that reduction of energy consumption of human labor in the of agricultural crop cultivating technology in the conditions of Amur region is possible by increasing the traction and adhesion properties of energy means through the rational redistribution of the adhesion weight within the machine-and-tractor unit itself.

Polikutina Elena S., Shchitov Sergei V., Kuznetsov Evgenii E., Krivutsa Zoya F.

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