Soybean sowing is one of the main agrotechnical operations in the technology of its cultivation, which determines the receipt of a high yield. The conditions for providing each plant with an equally individual feeding area and illumination are formed at the initial stage of sowing by a single selection of seeds by the cells of the sowing apparatus. In most existing designs of mechanical precision sowing apparatus, single selection and seeding of seeds is carried out using a rotating disk with cylindrical radially made cells, which makes it difficult to load the cells with seeds, and an ejector is required to unload the cells. As a result, the speed of rotation of the disk decreases and, as a consequence, the productivity of the sowing unit, the seeds are injured by the impact of the ejector and the stacker roller. In the proposed design of the sowing apparatus containing a sowing disc with pocket-type cells located at an angle to the radius of the sowing disc (patent of the Russian Federation No. 164890), a single selection of soybean seeds is made by scooping them with cells, which allows filling the cells in a shorter period of time compared to existing similar designs. Unloading of the cells is carried out from the impact of centrifugal force on the seeds. Such a constructive design of the sowing apparatus will increase the productivity of the sowing unit by increasing the peripheral speed of the disk, and the absence of a stacker roller and an ejector will reduce seed injury. This constructive design of the sowing apparatus will increase the productivity of the sowing unit by increasing the peripheral speed of the disk, and the absence of a stacker roller and ejector will reduce seed injury. The article presents some results of theoretical studies to substantiate the shape of the lateral surface of the cell and its effect on the process of loading and unloading a pocket-type cell in a vertical disk precision seeding machine.

Shishlov Sergey A., Shishlov Aleksandr N., Fadeev Aleksandr A., Shishlov Dmitry S., Reshetnik Ekaterina I.

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