The analysis of the state of soil resources in organic agricultural production and systems of their restoration is carried out. Seven factors affecting soil fertility from the point of view of its restoration and improvement have been identified: the use of siderates, organic fertilizers, precision farming systems; the implementation of scientifically based zonal crop rotations; the technogenic impact of machinery and equipment on the arable layer of land; the use of new varieties of grain crops taking into account zonal features; the management of technological processes for restoring and increasing soil fertility. Detailed attention is paid to the consideration and development of technologies for the processing of liquid manure and the production on its basis of high-quality liquid and solid concentrated organic fertilizers (COE) using biologically active additives (dietary supplements). The principles of constructing a system of machines for the restoration of soil resources are substantiated. The technological characteristics of the basic machines for the production of solid manure are given: a mobile installation for the local treatment of liquid manure with a capacity of up to 45 m3/h for the initial manure; a shoulder agitator with equipment for dosing the application of dietary supplements with a capacity of up to 400 t/h; a machine for the introduction of solid COE with a pneumocentric distributing working body for their surface application with doses up to 4 t/ha. The basic machine for the preparation and application of liquid COE is a mobile unit based on the LFM type with autonomous equipment for mixing dietary supplements with liquid manure and liquid fraction of manure and application with doses from 1 to 4 t/ha. The use of liquid and solid COE with small doses of application allows not only to improve the condition of the productive soil layer according to biochemical parameters, but also to recoup the costs of their production with the resulting addition of grain and fodder crops.

Bondarenko Anatoliy M., Kachanova Lyudmila S.

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