Currently, the main form of management in the livestock industry of Yakutia are private (family) farms. On average, one farm contains up to 20 heads of cattle. It should be noted that the premises for keeping livestock are constructed without taking into account the accepted regulatory requirements, which makes it difficult and excludes the possibility of installing mass-produced industrial equipment for mechanization and automation of labor-intensive processes. Due to the fact that livestock farms are localized in settlements, there is an acute problem of shortage or lack of pastures. Accordingly, milk yields are significantly reduced. An increase in milk production can be achieved by increasing the number of summer farms. And the problem of lack of pastures can be solved by bringing cows to highly grassy areas located on abandoned decentralized lands. To organize summer farms on decentralized lands, it is necessary to introduce technologies that allow producing energy from an alternative source – wind turbines, hydro or diesel stations, biogas or pyrolysis lines. In the conditions of Yakutia, the construction of cogeneration lines based on biogas technology will be the most affordable and less expensive. In a biogas plant, animal manure under anaerobic conditions is processed into organic fertilizer with the associated formation of biogas – an energy source. The resulting biogas is purified from moisture and fed into a gas generator, where it is converted into electrical energy. Thus, by introducing a cogeneration line based on biogas technology, the farmer will be able to organize independent autonomous energy-saving and waste-free production on a decentralized site.

Anisimov Evsei E., Petrov Nikolay V., Savvateeva Irina A., Dyachkovskaya Lyubov N.

1. Gura B. Proizvodstvo biogaza iz zhidkogo i tverdogo navoza na sel'hozpredprijatijah [Production of biogas from liquid and solid manure at agricultural enterprises], Varshava, Central'naya biblioteka, 1987, 110 p. (in Russ.).
2. Druz'janova V. P. Resursosberegajushhaja tehnologija utilizacii bespodstilochnogo navoza krupnogo rogatogo ckota v uslovijah Respubliki Saxa (Jakutija) [Resource-saving technology for utilization of bedless cattle manure in the conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)]. Candidate's thesis. Irkutsk, 2004, 161 p. (in Russ.).
3. Druz'janova V. P. Energosberegajushhaja tehnologija pererabotki navoza krupnogo rogatogo skota [Energy-saving technology for processing cattle manure]. Extended abstract of doctor’s thesis. Ulan-Udje, 2015, 22 p. (in Russ.).
4. Egorova E. N. Obosnovanie parametrov metantenka malogo ob'ema s peremeshivajushhim ustrojstvom dlja uslovij Respubliki Saha (Jakutija) [Substantiation of the parameters of a small digester with a mixing device for the conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Blagoveshhensk, 2017, 20 p. (in Russ.).
5. Petrov N. V. Obespechenie rabotosposobnosti benzinovyh dvigatelej vnutrennego sgoranija sel'skohozjajstvennoj tehniki pri perevode na biogaz korrektirovaniem regulirovochnyh parametrov dvigatelja [Ensuring of the operability of gasoline internal combustion engines of agricultural machinery when converting to biogas by adjusting the regulated parameters of the engines]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Ulan-Udje, 2013, 20 p. (in Russ.).
6. Savvateeva I. A., Druz'janova V. P. Matematicheskaja zavisimost' processa kogeneracii biogaza v jelektricheskuju jenergiju pri psihrofil'nom rezhime [Mathematical dependence of cogeneration process of biogas into electrical energy in psychrophilic regime]. Dal'nevostochnyj agrarnyj vestnik. – Far Eastern Agrarian Herald, 2021; 4 (60): 182–190 (in Russ.).
7. Savvateeva I. A., Druz'janova V. P. Tehnologija proizvodstva jelektrojenergii iz biogaza, poluchaemogo ot navoza krupnogo rogatogo skota [Technology of electricity production from biogas obtained from cattle manure]. Dal'nevostochnyj agrarnyj vestnik. – Far Eastern Agrarian Herald, 2021; 2 (58): 144–151 (in Russ.).
8. Shumilin I. S. (Eds.). Sostav i pitatel'nost' kormov (sojuznye respubliki, jekonomicheskie rajony RSFSR): spravochnik [Composition and nutritional value of feed (union republics, economic regions of the RSFSR): guide], Moskva, Agropromizdat, 1986, 303 p. (in Russ.).