The use of monochromatic lamps for a long period of chickens rearing from oneday-old age to 15 weeks of age can negatively affect the stress resistance of young animals. The experiment was conducted in the Amur region on the basis of the SU «Ptitsefabrika Belogorskaya» LLC «APC «Amurptitseprom» in Belogorsk and in the Department of Animal Husbandry and Poultry Farming of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Far East Zonal Research Veterinary Institute in Blagoveshchensk. The object of the study was rearing flocks of egg laying hens of the Dekalb White breed. In the experiment four groups were formed – each group contained 200 heads of day-old chickens in each group. Young animals up to 15 weeks of age were kept in cages with different color lighting in conditions of gradually decreasing daylight hours from 24:00 to 12:00 hours a day and the illumination level from 50–30 to 7–6 lux. For lighting, compact fluorescent lamps of white, yellow, green and blue-white colors with a luminous flux of 760 lux were used. Blood samples were taken from young birds aged 13 and 15 weeks to determine the white blood cells and cortisol content; in addition, lysozyme and bactericidal activity of blood serum was established in 13-week-old poultry. For the anatomical study, 24 chickens were slaughtered – 3 heads from each group at the age of 13 and 15 weeks. The absolute mass of the adrenal glands was determined. According to results of the study of 13-week-old young animals under white light, in comparison with monochromatic, against the background of a lower cortisol level by 21.9–46.4% (p<0.05), the number of white blood cells is lower by 20.0–21.0% (p<0.05, p<0.01), the level of lysozyme activity is lower by 3.7–11.3% (p<0.001), the absolute mass of the adrenal glands is 1.7–2.0 times less. The worst results were found in chickens raised with blue-white lighting.

Siyanova Irina V., Kruchinkina Tatyana V.

1. Vladimirov, Yu. A., Roshchupkin, D. I., Potapenko, A.Ya., Deev, A. I. Biofizika: Uchebnik (Biophysics: Textbook), Moskow, Medicina, 1983, 272 p.
2. Midlton, M. P. Analiz statisticheskih dannyh s ispol'zovaniem Microsoft Excel dlya Office XP (Analysis of statistical data using Microsoft Excel for Office HP), per. s angl. pod. red. G. M. Kobel'kova, Moscow, BINOM. Laboratoriya znanij, 2005, 296 p.
3. Ryabinina, V. E., Artemenko, А. B., Gavilej, O. V. Vliyanie spektra sveta svetodiodnyh lamp na pokazateli vyrashchivaniya cyplyat-brojlerov (Influence of the light spectrum of LED lamps on the performance of growing broiler chickens), Aktual'nye problemy intensivnogo razvitiya zhivotnovodstva, 2017, No 20 (2), PP. 158–164.
4. Sadovnikov, N. V., Pridybajlo, N. D., Vereshchak, N. A. Obshchie i special'nye metody issledovaniya krovi ptic promyshlennyh krossov (General and special methods of blood testing of birds of industrial crosses), Sankt- Petersburg, Ural'skaya GSKHA, 2009, 85 p.
5. Bian, J., Wang, Z., Dong, Y., Cao, J., Chen, Y. Effect of pinealectomy on the circadian clock of the chick retina under different monochromatic lights. Chronobiol Int., 2019, Vol. 36 (4), PР. 548–563. DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1566740.
6. Etimad Alattar, Khitam Elwasife, Eqbal Radwan. The Effect of Light-Emitting Diode Light on the Physical Traits of Chicks, Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2019, Vol. 9, РP. 481–491. DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2019.94037.
7. Liwei Zhanga, Funing Chenb, Jing Caoa, Yulan Donga, Zixu Wanga, Yaoxing Chena. Melatonin modulates monochromatic light-induced melatonin receptor expression in the hypothalamus of chicks, Acta Histochemica, 2017, Vol. 119, No 7, PР. 733–739.
8. Ma, S., Wang, Z., Cao, J., Dong, Y., Chen, Y. Effect of Monochromatic Light on Circadian Rhythm of Clock Genes in Chick Pinealocytes. Photochem Photobiol, 2018, Vol. 94 (6), PР. 1263–1272. DOI: 10.1111/php.12963.
9. Markowska, M., Majewski, P. M., Skwarło-Sońta, K. Avian biological clock – Immune system relationship. Dev Comp Immunol, 2017, Vol. 66, РP. 130–138. DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.05.017.
10. Mudhar, A. S. An investigation on the effect of light color and stocking density on some blood parameters of broilers and layers, Donnish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2016, Vol. 3 (2), PP. 008–012.
11. Ouyang, J. Q., Jong, de M., Hau, M., Visser, M. E., Grunsven, van R. H. A., Spoelstra, K. BiolLett. Stressful colours: Corticosterone concentrations in a freeliving songbird vary with the spectral composition of experimental illumination, 2015, No 11, PР. 13–20. DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0517.
12. Peixoto Mariana R. L. V., Karrow Niel A., Widowski Tina M. Effects of prenatal stress and genetics on embryonic survival and offspring growth of laying hens, Poultry Science, 2020, Vol. 99, No 3, PР. 1618–1627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.018
13. Radi Mohamed, Nagham Elsaidy, Mahmoud Eltholth. Rearing broiler chickens under monochromatic blue light improve performance and reduce fear and stress during pre-slaughter handling and transportation, Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 2014, Vol. 30 (3), PР. 457–471. DOI: 10.2298/BAH1403457M.
14. Rozempolska-Rucińska, I., Czech, A., Kasperek, K., Zięba, G., Ziemiańska, A. Behaviour and stress in three breeds of laying hens kept in the same environment, South African Journal of Animal Science, 2020, Vol. 50, No 2, PР. 272–280. DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v50i2.10.
15. Sabuncuoglu, K. M., Korkmas, F. Effect of monochromatic light stimuli during embryogenesis on some performance traits, behavior, and fear responses in Japanese quails, Poultry Science, 2018, Vol. 29 (74), PР. 987–993.
16. Simsek, U. G., Ciftci, M., Yaman, M., Ozcelik, M., Baykalir, Y., Kizilaslan, A., Bayrakdar, A., Cambay, Z., Yakut, S., Erisir, Z. Effects of Light Color on Growth Performance, Histomorphometric Features of Small Intestine and Some Blood Parameters in Chukar Partridges (Alectoris chukar), Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020, Vol. 26 (1), PР. 33–39.