Optimization of precision farming task maps for growing spring wheat in Altai krai
Volume 18 • Issue 3
Belyaev Vladimir I., Sadov Viktor V., Smyshlyaev Andrey A., Kosheleva Evgeniya D.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22450/1999-6837-2024-18-3-5-16
Published on: 17.09.2024
Since the 80s of the last century, in countries with developed agriculture, precision farming has been carried out by government programs and private companies, and the technology is currently in its infancy in the CIS countries. In 2022, the Russian IT company "Agronout" assessed the land according to the degree of fertility according to ASF surface index and drew up a task map for spring wheat variety "Buran" sowing and mineral fertilizer application. The assessed land was an area of 441.93 hectares on an experimental field of LLC "Charyshskoe" in Ust-Kalman district, Altai krai. The purpose of this study was to determine experimentally the best sowing rates for spring wheat and the doses of ammonium nitrate, based on the criterion of specific profit for the fertility zones of the experimental field. The field experiment included 9 combinations of seed rates and fertilizer doses for each of the three fertility zones – a total of 27 options. During the growing season, soil moisture measurements were taken, the depth of seed placement was determined, the number of seedlings was counted, the bushiness of crops was assessed, the dynamics of plant growth and changes in moisture reserves in the meter layer were monitored. The structure of the wheat harvest and the quality of grown grain were analyzed using statistical methods and comparative analysis methods. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the maximum specific profit is achieved when using a maximum dose of ammonium nitrate of 120 kg/ha for any fertility zone and at a maximum seed sowing rate for zones of low and high fertility (171 kg/ha), and an average rate (152 kg /ha) – for a zone of average fertility. Thus, the hypothesis that less fertile soil required lower rates of seeds and doses of fertilizers when cultivating wheat was refuted. Based on the results of the experiments, updated task maps for differentiated sowing and fertilization were proposed for the farm for 2023.
Belyaev V. I., Sadov V. V., Smyshlyaev A. A., Kosheleva E. D. Optimization of precision farming task maps for growing spring wheat in Altai krai. Dal’nevostochnyj agrarnyj vestnik, 2024;18;3:5–16. (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.22450/1999-6837-2024-18-3-5-16.
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